WASHINGTON—The spending bill unveiled in the Senate early Tuesday contains $45 billion to support Ukraine in its battle against Russia.

If passed by Congress, it would arm and equip Ukrainian and North Atlantic Treaty Organization forces, fund a surge of U.S. troops and materiel to Europe, bolster the U.S.’s domestic defense industry, extend budget and economic assistance to the Kyiv government and much more. 

Here is some of what is in the bill, according to summaries released by Democratic and Republican lawmakers:

  • $9 billion to arm, equip and train Ukrainian forces. This would come on top of the nearly $20 billion in military hardware the U.S. has already sent Kyiv, including from its own armaments stockpiles. 
  • $7 billion for the Pentagon to fund the surge of U.S. troops and gear to Europe, which are intended to stand as a bulwark against a potential Russian escalation onto NATO turf.
  • $687 million for Army ammunition plants, to build capacity in the domestic munitions industry, according to a Senate Republican summary. Among other signs the war in Ukraine is straining U.S. ammunition stockpiles, the Pentagon recently secured a deal with South Korea under which Seoul would sell artillery shells destined for Ukrainian forces. That would enable the U.S. to supply the Ukrainians without digging deeper into the American inventory of artillery rounds, which U.S. officials have acknowledged are dwindling quickly.
  • $300 million for Ukrainian police and border guards, in part for the rescue and protection of civilians caught in Russia’s attacks on Ukraine’s population centers and civilian infrastructure. 
  • $13 billion in economic assistance to Kyiv. The Ukrainian government is facing a crippling budget shortfall as economic activity has plummeted during the war—the International Monetary Fund has projected Ukraine’s economy will contract by 35% this year. The IMF has estimated that Ukraine needs $5 billion a month in aid to cover essential government services and keep the economy functioning. Beyond that, Kyiv has said it would take hundreds of billions of dollars to rebuild the country when the war ends.
  • $4 billion to aid Ukrainian refugees. As many as eight million Ukrainians have fled the country for elsewhere in Europe. Many had hoped to return home in the fall, but amid the Russian attack on Ukraine’s power grid and other infrastructure, senior Ukrainian officials have said refugees in Europe should stay put for now. Those refugees now face the prospect of a more permanent exodus, having to look for work and send their children to local schools.
  • Millions to the U.S. Government Accountability Office and the State Department’s Office of Inspector General to track the spending and monitor Ukraine’s use of U.S. funds.

A residential building damaged by Russian shelling in Kherson, Ukraine.

Photo: dimitar dilkoff/Agence France-Presse/Getty Images

Write to Daniel Nasaw at daniel.nasaw@wsj.com